Now let’s see so great a faculty, the one put in charge of all the rest, come forward and say that the flesh is the element that rules over everything. Such a claim to prominence would be intolerable even from the flesh itself. [21] Come, Epicurus, which part of you was it that was responsible for making such a pronouncement? Which part authored works on The End, on Physics, and on The Criterion of Truth? Which part let your beard grow long? Or described yourself, at the hour of death, ‘as passing a most happy day, which also happens to be our last’? [22] Was it flesh – or the will? Only madness could get you to acknowledge any faculty of greater authority than the will. Or are you really that deaf and blind?
Discourses 2.23.20
Today’s meditation
The underlying Stoic issue here is the importance of recognizing the role of the will in living a virtuous life. As Epictetus notes, "Only madness could get you to acknowledge any faculty of greater authority than the will" (Discourses 2.23.22). This passage reveals that true strength and wisdom come from the will, not from external or physical factors.
This insight suggests that living well involves cultivating a strong and discerning will, one that guides our thoughts, words, and actions. It implies that we should prioritize the development of our inner character, rather than relying on external circumstances or physical pleasures. As Epictetus asks, "Which part of you was it that was responsible for making such a pronouncement?" (Discourses 2.23.21), highlighting the importance of recognizing the role of our will in shaping our values and decisions.
To apply this insight today, one might reflect on their own values and priorities. Are they allowing their desires or external circumstances to dictate their actions, or are they using their will to guide them towards virtue and wisdom? By recognizing the power of their will, individuals can begin to make intentional choices that align with their values and promote a life of integrity and purpose.
As you go about your day, consider this question: What is one decision or action that you can take today that requires the exercise of your will, and how can you use this opportunity to cultivate greater strength and wisdom?